网上有关“关于主谓一致的用法”话题很是火热,小编也是针对关于主谓一致的用法寻找了一些与之相关的一些信息进行分析,如果能碰巧解决你现在面临的问题,希望能够帮助到您。

一、主谓一致三原则

主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致,主谓一致必须遵循三原则:语法一致原则,意义一致原则,就近一致原则。

 1. 语法一致原则:指主语是单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式,主语是复数形式,谓语也用复数形式。例如:

Tom is a good student.

汤姆是个好学生。

They often play football on the playground.

他们经常在操场上踢足球。

 2. 意义一致:指主语形式上为单数,但意义为复数,因此谓语动词用复数形式;或主语形式上为复数,但表示单数意义,这是谓语动词用单数形式。例如:

My family are having lunch now.

我们一家人现在正吃午饭。

Twenty dollars is too expensive for the book.

这本书20美元太贵了。

 3. 就近一致:指谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式,取决于最靠近他的主语。例如:

Not only the teacher but also his students like playing football.

不仅老师喜欢踢足球,而且他的学生也喜欢踢足球。

There is a pen and some books on the desk.

课桌上有一支钢笔和一些书。

英语的一致关系的语法解释

主谓一致有许多原则,概括起来不外乎三种一致原则,即:语法形式一致;概念一致(语言内容上一致);毗邻一致(谓语动词的单复数形式和紧位于其前的主语一致)。

另外,根据代词应该在人称、数、性等方面与所指的词保持一致,还有指代一致。

一、语法形式一致

1、单数主语、单个动词不定式、动名词短语以及句子作主语,谓语动词要用单数形式。复数主语,用and或both…and连接的动词不定式短语、动名词短语以及主语从句作主语,谓语动词则用复数形式。例如:

Serving the people is my great happiness. 为人民服务是我最大的幸福。

Whether we’ll go depends on the weather. 我们是否去要取决于天气的好赖。

What I think and what I seek have been fairly reflected in my paper.

我所思考的和我所寻求的都在这个论文中体现了出来。

2、由as well as, with, along with, like, together with, rather than, except, but, including, accompanied by, plus, besides, in addition to, no less than 等引起的结构跟在主语后面,不能看作是并列主语,该主语不受这些词组引导的插入语的影响,主语如是单数,其谓语动词仍然用单数形式。例如:

The reading course book, plus its reference books, is helpful to college students.

教材加上参考书对大学学生是非常有益的。来源:https://maiya369.com/cshi/202503-214.html

The man together with his wife and children sits on the sofa watching TV.

那个人和他妻儿老小坐在沙发上看电视。

3、有些代词只能指单数可数名词,当它们在句子中作主语时,尽管在意义上是多数,谓语动词仍要用单数形式。这类代词有either, neither, each, one, the other, another, somebody, someone, something, anyone, anything, anybody, everyone, everything, everybody, no one, nothing, nobody等。例如:

Neither likes the friends of the other. 两人都不喜欢对方的朋友来源:https://maiya369.com/cshi/202503-210.html

Everything around us is matter. 我们周围的所有东西都是物质。

4、当and连结的两个名词是指同一个人或同一件事,and后的名词前没有冠词,谓语动词应该用单数形式;在and后面的名词前有冠词,谓语就用复数形式。例如:

The bread and butter is served for breakfast. 早饭供应黄油面包。

The bread and the butter are on sale. 正在出售黄油和面包。

5、当one of, a portion of, a series of, a species of, a chain of 结构作主语时,谓语动词要用单数形式。例如:

One of those students has passed the examination. 这些学生只有一个考试及格了。

A series of pre-recorded tapes has been prepared for language laboratory use.

为语音课提前准备了一系列录音磁带。

6、由one and a half + 复数名词或the majority of + 名词作作主语时,谓语动词视名词的单复数形式而定。例如:

The majority of the damage is easy to repair. 大部分的损坏品都容易修理。

7、plenty of, half of, a lot of, lots of, heaps of, loads of, scads of等 + 可数与不可数名词作主语时,不可数名词的谓语只用单数,可数名词的谓语视可数名词的单复数而定。例如:

There is plenty of water in the pail. 桶里还有好多水。

There are plenty of eggs in the box. 箱子里有好多鸡蛋。

8、由more than one (或more than one + 单数名词),many a + 单数名词作主语,谓语动词要用单数形式。例如:

More than one student has passed the examination. 不止一个学生通过了这次考试。

Many a boy learns to swim before he can read. 许多孩子在认字前就学会了游泳。

9、如果名词词组中心词是“分数或百分数 + of + 名词”,谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于of后的名词或代词的单、复数形式。例如:

Over three-quarters of the land has been reclaimed. 四分之三多的土地已经收回了。

Two-thirds of the people present are against the plan.

到场的三分之二的人都反对这个计划。来源:https://maiya369.com/cshi/202503-186.html

10、定语从句谓语动词的单复数形式应与先行词一致。例如:

He is one of the men who were chosen to represent the group.

被选出来代表该组的人他是其中之一。

“Keep cool” is the first of the rules that are to be remembered in an accident.

“镇静”是事故发生时应当牢记的第一条原则。

二、概念一致(语言内容上一致)

1、有些集合名词如crowd, family, team, orchestra(管弦乐队), group, government, committee, class, school, union, firm, staff, public等,它们作主语时,谓语动词的数要根据语言内容而定。如果它们作为一个集体单位时,动词用单数形式,如就其中的各个成员来说,则谓语用复数形式。例如:来源:https://maiya369.com/xwzx/202412-90.html

His family is going to move. 他准备搬家。

His family are very well. 他家人身体都好。

2、有些表示总体意义的名词,形式上是单数,而意义上却是复数,谓语动词要用复数形式,如people, police, militia, cattle, poultry(家禽)等。例如:

The police are searching for a tall dark man with a beard.

警察正在搜寻一位肤色黝黑、长胡子的高个子男人。

3、有些名词形式上是复数,而意义上却是单数。如news, means, works.还有许多以ics结尾的学科名称,如economics, physics, mechanics, politics等,它们作主语时,谓语动词要用单数形式。例如:

Politics is a complicated business. 政治学是一门复杂的东西。

Here is the news. 下面播送新闻。

4、用and连接的单数主语,前面有each, every, many a, no等修饰时,谓语动词要用单数形式。复数主语与each连用时,应不受each的影响,谓语动词仍用复数形式。例如:

Every boy and girl is treated in the same way.

每个男孩、女孩都是以同样的方式对待的。

Many a boy and many a girl has seen it. 很多姑娘小伙子都见过。

The old workers and the young each have their own tools.

青老年工人都各自有自己的工具。

5、表示重量、度量、衡量、价值的复数名词作主语,谓语动词常用单数形式。例如:

Twenty miles is a long way to walk. 二十里地可是个不近的路程。

Three pints isn’t enough to get me drunk. 三品脱还不至于把我灌醉。

the +形容词作主语时,如主语指的是一类人,谓语动词用复数形式;如果指的是单个人或抽象概念,谓语动词用单数形式。例如:

The departed was a good friend of his. 死者是他的一位好友。

三、毗邻一致(就近原则)

1、由连词or, neither…or, either…or, not only … also, nor等连接的并列主语,谓语动词的单复数形式按毗邻一致的原则,与贴近它的主语一致。例如:

Either you or he is no telling the truth. 不是你就是他没讲真话。

Not only the switches but also the old wiring has been changed.

不仅开关,连那些老化了电路都已经更换了。

2、在there be 的结构中,谓语动词的单复数形式一般也采取就近原则。例如:

There is a desk and four benches in the office. 办公室有一张桌子,四条长凳。

There are two chairs and a desk in the office. 办公室有两把椅子一张桌子。

四、代词的指代一致

指代一致是指句中的代词应该在人称、数、性等方面与所指的词保持一致。也是考试中的一个常考点。

1、当everyone, everybody, no one, nobody, anyone, anybody, someone, somebody等作主语时,相应的代词一般采用单数形式。例如:

If anyone calls, tell him I’ll be back later. 如果有人找我,就说我一会回来。

Everyone thinks he is the center of universe. 每个人都认为自己是宇宙的中心。

2、由neither … nor, not only … but also, either … or, not … but, or等连结的并列主语,其后的附加疑问部分主语用复数代词。例如:

Neither you nor I am wrong, are we? 你我都没错,对吧?

Both Tom and Jack came, didn’t they? 汤姆和杰克都来了,对不对?

3、当句子的主语是one, 并要在句子中多次出现时,一般用第三人称单数代词来代替后面将出现的one或one’s;当one在句子中泛指人时,在反意疑问句中也可用you来代替。例如:

One should never blame his friends even his friends committed some careless mistakes.

当朋友犯了疏忽的小错时不要老指责朋友的过失。

One can’t be too careful, can you (one)? 一个人无论怎么样小心都不为过,对不对?

a group of student做主语谓语动词用什么形式

英语的一致关系的语法解释

 一致关系

 英语的一致有三种:主谓一致,代词一致,肯定与否定一致

一、主语与谓语的一致

 英语语法要求,主语如果是单数,谓语动词也要用单数形式;主语若是复数,谓语动词也要用复数形式 例如:

 We all like good food.我们都喜欢好饭菜来源:https://maiya369.com/bkjj/202412-27.html

 Everybody was happy with the decision. 人人都对这个决定感到高兴。

二、概念一致

 1. And连接的两个或多个单数名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式 His opinion and mine are different他的观点和我的.是不同的来源:https://www.maiya369.com/cshi/202503-200.html

 Bob and Peter are deadly rivals. Bob和peter是死对头。

 但是如果and连接的是指一个单一概念时,谓语动词用单数。

 Bread and milk has been my breakfast for years. 牛奶面包多年来一直是我的早餐。

 由and连接的单数主语分别有many a,ever y,each,no修饰时,动词用单数。 如:During the holidays, every train and every plane was crowded.假期期间每列火车及每架飞机都非常拥挤。

 2.如果主语是一个抽象概念(如不定式、动名词、主语从句等)谓语动词用单数形式。如果主语是用and连接的两个或多个抽象概念,谓语动词用复数形式。 如:Swimming jogging and cycling are all goad farms of sports exercises.游泳、慢跑和骑自行车都是很好的运动形式。

 以what,who,why,haw, whether等wh一词引起的从句做主语时,谓语动词通常用单数;由and连接的两个主句如果指两件事,动词用复数。 例如:What he is doing is not clear yet他在干什么还不清楚

 以what从句为主语的“主一系一表SVC"句型中,如果主句的表语是复数,主句谓语动词用复数形式;what从句本身是复数意义,主句谓语动词也可用复数。 如:What I need buy now are four tea cups and a pair of sports shoes. 我需要买的是四只茶杯和一双运动鞋。

 3.集体名词family,class,crew(全体船员或机组人员),crowd, group, committee, audience, government, public, team, staff, population等做主语时,若作为一个整体看待,后面谓语动词用单数; 如就其中每一个成员来考虑时,则用复数。 例如: My family is a big one.我家人多。

 People, police, cattle,(牛),militia(民兵),poultry(家禽),vermin(害出)等作主语时,后面的动词要用复数。

 4.不定代词either,neither,ever y,each,one,the other, another以及所有的复合不定代词作主语时,谓语动词只用单数,包括“every/each/no……and every/each/no……”作主语时。

 如:Every/Each plane and every/each pilot is ready to take off. 每架飞机和每个飞行员都已准备好起飞。

 5. what,who,which,any,mare,some,half,mast,all,none.等代词可以是单数,也可以是复数,主要靠意思决定。但指不可数名词时作单数看待。

 6.表示时间、重量、长度、价值等的单位名词,尽管是复数形式,如果作整体看待,动词都用单数形式。如果看作组成该数量的一个一个的个体,则动词用复数。 如:Twenty miles is a long way to walk. 走二十英里可是很长的一段路。来源:https://www.maiya369.com/cshi/202503-185.html

 7. “the+形容词”表示一类人时,谓语动词用复数。表示抽象概念或指个别事物时谓语动词用单数来源:https://maiya369.com/bkjj/202412-6.html

 如:The old are well taken care of. 老人得到很好的照顾。

 8. 如果主语由"a kind/sort/type of this kind/sort/type of +名词”组成,不管名词是单数还是复数,动词通常用单数。

 如:This kind of man annoys me. =This kind of men annoys me. 这种人让我烦。 类似的还有:a portion of(一部分),a series of(一系列),a pile of(一堆),a panel of (一个小组委员会),

 如:A series of accidents has happened here. 这里发生过一系列事故。

 9. Means作“方法、手段”讲时,单复数同形,其前面有each, every, neither, either,等单数a念的定语时,谓语动词用单数;若有all, both,these等复数概念的定语时谓语动词用复数来源:https://www.maiya369.com/zhishi/202412-24.html

 “None of the means”作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数。

 如:There is/are no means of learning what is happening. 没法知道正在发生什么事。

  三、就近一致

 1.当主语由either...... or. neither...... nor , not only ...... but(also) 或or连接时,谓语动词通常和最临近的那个主语一致。

 例如:Either you or he is to do the work. 不是你就是他来做这件事。

 2.当there be结构后面有并列主语时,谓语也和最临近的那个一致。 如:There is a dictionary and many books on the table. 桌子上有一本词典和许多本书。

 这种就近一致的情况在非正式文体中越来越普遍。但在下列情况不提倡模访。 如:Where is your mother and sisters 你妈妈和你姐妹到哪儿去了

 3.做主语的名词或代词后接with,together with,along with,as well as等短语时,谓语动词一般和前面名词或代词一致。这些短语前后可用可不用逗号。 如:A woman with a baby is coming to the hospital 一个妇女抱着个婴儿正向医院走来。

四、代词一致

 代词一致是指句子中代词应在数、性、人称等方面彼此保持一致, 如:One must do one' s best to increase production. Everybody talked at the tap of his/their voice.来源:https://maiya369.com/bkjj/202412-12.html

 If anyone calls, tell him I' 11 be back in a moment来源:https://maiya369.com/zhishi/202412-109.html. (him也可用him or her代替) 在写作中,如果表示不定的人,可以用you, we, one等,需要注意的是:同一篇文章中,只用同一个不定代词,而且所有格要与其一致。

;

应该是students,谓语动词用单数,这是容易错的地方

主语是“a kind of, a portion of, series of等+名词"构成,谓语动词用单数

例如:A series of pre-recorded tapes has been prepared for language laboratory use来源:https://maiya369.com/cshi/202412-112.html.

主谓一致中的"表里不一"现象 来源:https://maiya369.com/xwzx/202412-130.html

和主语必须在人称和数上保持一致,最基本的原则是:单数主语用单数动词,复数主语用复数动词.但在实际使用当中情况比较复杂,现在学生常犯的主谓一致错误归纳整理如下

1,"more than one +名词"作主语时,谓语动词常用单数.例如: More than one teacher gets the flowers. 不止一个教师得到了花. 

2, "many a +名词"作主语时,从意义上看是复数,但谓语动词常用单数.例如: Many a student has been sent to plant trees. 很多学生被派去植树.

3,"half of, the rest of, most of, all of及百分数或分数+of 等后接名词"作主语时,谓语动词形式根据of后的名词而定.例如: Three fourths of the surface of the earth is covered with water.地球表面四分之三为水所覆盖. 

4,all指人时,动词用复数;all指物时,动词用单数.例如: "All are present and all is going well." 所有人全部到场了,一切进展顺利 

5,what引导的主语从句,谓语动词可视表语而定:表语是单数名词时,动词用单数,相反,则用复数.例如: What they want to get are a number of good books.他们想得到的是大量的好书. 6,and连接的两个单数名词前若用each,every,no修饰,该名词短语作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式.例如: No book and no pen is found in the schoolbag.书包里没有书和钢笔. 

7,当主语后面有as well as, with, along with, together with, but, like, rather than, except,逗号加and连接几个名字等引导的短语时,谓语动词要与最前面的主语保持一致.例如: My father as well as his workmates has been to Beijing. 我父亲和他的同事曾去过北京. 

8,each作主语的同位语时, 谓语动词由主语来决定,与each无关.例如: They each have a bike. 他们每人有一辆自行车. 

9,动词不定式,动词-ing形式短语作主语时,谓语动词常用单数.例如: Going out for a walk after supper is a good habit.晚饭后出去散步是一个好习惯. 

10,the following作主语时,谓语动词的数与后面名词的数保持一致.例如: The following are good examples下面是一些好例子. 

11,以-ics结尾的学科名词,如politics,physics,mathematics等作主语时,谓语动词用单数.以-s结尾的名词news, works, plastics等同属此类.例如: Politics is now taught in all schools. 现在各学校都开设政治课. 当以-ics结尾的学科名词表示"学科"以外的意义时,用作复数,如:mathematics(运算能力)politics(政治观点)economics(经济意义)等 

12,有些用来表示由两个对应部分组成一体的名词(trousers,glasses,shoes.shorts.scissors.scales等)作主语时,前面若有"一条","一副","一把"之类的单位词,动词用单数;若没有单位词或单位词是复数,则谓语动词用复数.例如: The shoes are all right. 这些鞋子都很合适.还有一些以-s结尾的名词通常用复数:arms(武器).clothes.contents.minites(记录).remains(遗体).thanks等13,"one and a half +名词"作主语时,谓语动词要用复数.例如: One and a half apples are left on the table. 桌子上有一个半苹果. 

14,"One or two more +复数名词"作主语时,谓语动词用复数.例如: One or two persons are sent there to help them do the work. 要派一两个人到那儿去给他们帮忙. 

15,"one of+复数名词+ 定语从句"结构中,定语从句的谓语动词要用复数;而在"the only one of +复数名词+定语从句"的结构中,定语从句的谓语动词要用单数.例如: He is one of the students who get there on time.他是准时到达那里的学生之一. 

16,表示时间,距离,金钱等的复数名词作主语表达一个整体概念时,谓语动词常用单数,但若强调数量,谓语动词可用复数.例如: One million dollars is a lot of money. 一百万美元是一大笔钱.

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